How do local (host) attitudes vary towards different types of tourism Essay

How do local (host) attitudes vary towards different types of tourism and tourists - Essay Example The kinds of interactions and the quality of these interactions influence the perceptions as well as attitudes by visitors towards the destination and locals while it influences on hosts tolerance. This would be therefore viewed in a long term where these interactions influence sustainability of tourism as a leisure activity. Cultural incidences as well as hosts social demographic characteristics have a significant influence on the nature of interactions between the visiting people and the locals (Armenski, nd, p. 1). Locals or hosts have used the social exchange theorem in prediction and explaining attitudes towards the tourists. It is used primarily on evaluation of the mutual benefits that individuals would gain through interactions in being a tourist and a host. It is therefore instrumental in explaining the exchanges that occur between the host(s) and the tourists and explains the variation in attitudes and perceptions by hosts towards particular tourists. Through the theory, th is paper identifies that individuals engage the analysis of costs and or benefits resultant in interactions between the hosts and tourists. Bad attitudes and perceptions by hosts towards interaction with tourists may be explained by lack of benefits to be derived from the tourists while right attitudes according to the theory arise from the availability of gains from the interactions. Working tourists and often referred to as holidaymakers are persons who engage into tourism through travelling but engages in work with such motives of generating more finances to cater for prolonged holiday and such other reasons. There are various categories of the working tourists as includes ‘travelling professional workers’, ‘migrant tourism workers’, ‘working holiday tourists as well as ‘non-institutionalized working’ tourists (Duncan, nd, p. 34-35). There are main variations that are

Can the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) emulate the model of the EU Essay

Can the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) emulate the model of the EU - Essay Example Despite this noticeable difference between the EU and the GCC, the former can still share its experience on enhancing the performance of regional agencies, managing the adjustment costs created by reducing barriers, and achieving integration, with the Arab world. The Arab and European countries meeting correspondingly in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and the European Union (EU), while having crucial political and strategic commonalities, have generated markedly different wide-ranging pattern of strategic relations and issues in the last two to three decades.1 Both have particular interests in their corresponding region, on the one hand, and tremendously important global alliances, on the other. Nevertheless, it is unquestionable that the GCC countries have progressed globally more than the EU, particularly on political status, whilst the EU has concentrated on its region and organised its regional structure far more radically than the GCC.2 Ultimately, whilst both the EU and the GCC countries have a critical, but distinct security and political relations with the United States, the latter are at present basically directed towards Asia from a strategic framework, whilst the EU is directed towards its own region and North America3, with t he GCC serving an absolutely more isolated role. Nevertheless, argument for the EU as an exemplar for other regional integration contexts could be restricted, given the distinctive conditions in which it was built and endorsed. Founded due to conflicts, the EU gained from particular events in its expansion, such as the developed character of the European economies, the United States pledge and fostering role, and the Cold War, which are not located anywhere else.4 It would hence appear more relevant to apply the experience of EU not as a blueprint or paradigm to evaluate the failure or success of the GCC regional integration